Why SOCs rely on OSCAR: A proven investigative framework

The OSCAR methodology—Obtain, Strategize, Collect, Analyze, Report—offers SOCs a structured and efficient approach to security investigations. Integrated into Dropzone AI’s SOC analyst, OSCAR enhances workflows by automating triage and investigations, delivering consistent, actionable insights. With OSCAR, SOCs reduce alert fatigue, improve threat detection, and empower analysts to focus on critical tasks. This blog explores how OSCAR drives operational excellence and how Dropzone AI makes it scalable for any team.

The role of a SOC analyst is defined by constant challenges—new threats, evolving technologies, and increasingly complex systems. Amid this constant change, one investigative framework has stood the test of time: the OSCAR methodology. At Dropzone AI, we've embraced this proven approach, integrating it with our AI-driven system to ensure our investigative processes remain evergreen, adaptable, and robust against emerging threats.

The Historical Merit of OSCAR.

First extensively detailed in a network forensics book from 2012, the OSCAR methodology laid the foundation for structured digital investigations. It introduced a five-phase process designed to systematically investigate security incidents. The acronym stands for:

• Obtain Information
• Strategize
• Collect Evidence
• Analyze
• Report

Breaking down the OSCAR methodology.

1. Obtain Information

When given an alert or event to investigate, the first phase involves gathering initial data to understand the situation at hand. Analysts need to:

• Orient themselves: Grasp the nature of the suspicious activity and the technologies involved.
• Identify indicators: Collect any initial evidence such as IP addresses, user accounts, timestamps, and alert details.
• Determine scope: Understand the environment affected, whether it's identity systems, endpoints, networks, cloud infrastructures, or other domains.

This phase includes the critical process of orienting on what the alert is, allowing analysts to avoid missteps, focus their efforts, and set the stage for a successful investigation. 

2. Strategize

With a clear understanding of the situation, the next step is to formulate a plan. This involves:

• Formulating hypotheses: Deciding what likely happened to trigger the alert or event.
• Identifying key questions: Determining what needs to be answered to assess the nature and impact of the threat, and what evidence is needed to prove the hypotheses.
• Prioritizing investigative steps: Focusing on the most critical aspects to guide the investigation efficiently.
• Setting objectives: Establishing clear goals to avoid unnecessary detours and ensure timely conclusions.

It's crucial to decide what to look for before you start looking. Skipping this step can lead to rabbit hole searches that waste precious time. Formulating clear hypotheses and questions upfront ensures analysts remain focused, guaranteeing no critical aspects are overlooked.

3. Collect Evidence

Once the strategy is in place, it's time to gather the necessary data. This includes:

• Retrieving logs and data: Gathering system logs, network traffic, and leveraging threat intelligence databases.
• Ensuring appropriate scope: Collecting only sufficient data without becoming overwhelmed by irrelevant information.
• Utilizing proper tools: Employing the right technologies to access and secure the collected evidence.

Effective evidence collection is crucial for building a solid foundation for analysis.

4. Analyze

In this phase, analysts interpret the collected data to uncover insights. The analysis is guided by the hypothesis questions generated in the strategize step, ensuring they are looking for the right indicators at the right time. This involves:

• Examining timelines: Correlating events over time to understand the sequence of actions.
• Identifying anomalies: Spotting patterns or activities that deviate from the norm.
• Correlating indicators: Connecting evidence to form a clear, comprehensive picture.
• Determining impact: Assessing the root cause and scope of the incident.

By focusing on the predefined hypotheses, analysts remain focused on the problem at hand, preventing stray artifacts from detracting from the main investigation. 

5. Report

The final phase focuses on documenting findings and communicating them effectively. This includes:

• Compiling evidence and findings: Organizing the analysis results into a coherent report.
• Providing recommendations: Suggesting remediation steps, preventive measures, or mitigating security controls.
• Communicating with stakeholders: Sharing insights with relevant parties to inform decision-making and improve future responses.

Reporting ensures that the investigation's outcomes lead to tangible improvements in security posture.

Why OSCAR Is universally applicable.

The strength of the OSCAR investigative methodology lies in its adaptability and structured approach. 

• Technology-agnostic: OSCAR doesn't rely on specific tools or platforms, making it suitable for any environment.
• Scalable: It can be applied to incidents of any size, from minor alerts to major breaches.
• Teachable: Its structured approach makes it easy to train new analysts, fostering a common language and process within teams.
• Efficient: By providing a structured framework, OSCAR prevents analysts from getting overwhelmed by the volume of data, enabling quicker, more accurate conclusions.

In a field where change is the only constant, having a reliable methodology like OSCAR is invaluable.

Integrating OSCAR into Dropzone AI.

Dropzone AI offers an autonomous AI SOC analyst that replicates the techniques of expert analysts for Tier 1 alert triage and investigation. To ensure our methods remain evergreen, we've incorporated the OSCAR framework into our AI SOC analyst methodology by:

1. Drafting a plan of action for every investigation.
2. Automated evidence collection.
3. Guided analysis.
4. Enhanced focus.
5. Clear reporting.

By integrating OSCAR into our AI SOC analyst, Dropzone AI enables faster, more reliable investigations. This means shorter incident response times, clearer insights for security teams, and ultimately, a stronger, more resilient defense against evolving threats. Interested to see how it works? Check out our product tours and when you’re ready, contact us to schedule a demo.

As Senior Security Analyst at Dropzone AI, Andrew drives innovation for AI-powered security solutions tailored to SOC analysts. With a focus on aligning technology with real-world user workflows, Andrew ensures that Dropzone AI's platform empowers analysts to respond decisively and efficiently to security threats. 

Dropzone AI automates alert investigations with AI SOC analysts, empowering teams to focus on real threats. Learn more at www.dropzone.ai 

This is a sponsored story produced in collaboration with Dropzone AI. The views and opinions expressed in this article are solely those of the authors of the article, and are not necessarily shared with the editorial and publication staff of the CyberWire Briefings or its parent company, N2K Networks, Inc. N2K Networks will not publish content it knows to be false, illegal, or defamatory, or that is inconsistent with our brand and commitments.